One-on-one coaching every week: the training reform at FunFarm & FirstFund

We've carried out a large-scale overhaul of training at FunFarm and FirstFund: one-on-one sessions are now available to players starting from the very lowest stakes, and a new automated platform helps coaches prepare an individual database review for every session and build the training around the specific player — so they grow faster and earn more. We've added open sessions and launched the Pro track — also available to everyone.

Lera
Fund ambassador
September 30, 202612 min read
# The EV Tree on the FirstFund Training Platform: Where a Player's EV Diverges from the League's Top-Winner Benchmark

## What an EV tree is and why we build one at all

An EV tree is a breakdown of a hand into decision nodes, where every branch is assigned an expected value. You don't look at the result of a single hand — you look at the value of the decision itself. And the moment you have a tree, you can compare: here's what you did, here's what the benchmark did, here's the price of the difference in chips or in dollars.

At FirstFund we don't build EV trees for the sake of pretty pictures. The tree exists to answer one question: **where exactly are you leaking, and how much does it cost?**

---

## The benchmark: who the league's top winners are

The benchmark isn't a solver. A solver gives you GTO, and GTO is not the objective for a player in Liga 1 or Liga 2. The benchmark is the aggregated decision pattern of the league's top winners — regs who show a stable winrate over a real long run at the same stakes, with a comparable ABI and against a comparable field.

Why them and not the solver:

- their decisions already incorporate exploits against the actual field;
- their ranges are simplified enough to be executable at the table;
- their ICM discipline on the bubble has been tested by results, not by theory.

The solver stays in the toolkit — as a check for nodes where the field plays close to equilibrium. But the benchmark line on the tree is the top winners.

---

## The four levels where divergence shows up

### 1. Preflop: range width by position

The most common and the cheapest to fix. A player opens too wide from early position, or opens too tight from the button. On the tree this looks like a branch where the player's EV is already below the benchmark **before the flop**.

Typical picture in Liga 1:
- early position — the range is 2–4% too wide;
- the button — the range is 5–8% too narrow;
- the small blind — 3-bets are underused.

The cost of the first leak is moderate. The cost of the second is high, because the button is where the money is made.

### 2. Postflop: bet sizing and frequencies

Here the divergence is deeper. A player plays the correct range but with the wrong sizing. The tree shows: the branch exists, the frequency roughly matches, but the EV of the branch is 12–15% lower purely because of sizing.

Classic cases:
- one sizing for every board — no separation between dry and wet textures;
- a c-bet frequency that's too high on flops where the range doesn't connect;
- no delayed line on the turn as an alternative to betting the flop.

### 3. The bubble and ICM

This is where the biggest money in MTTs lives. The EV tree in ICM mode looks different from the chip-EV tree: branches that were profitable in chips go negative in dollars.

The most frequent divergence: a player keeps calling with a chip-EV range on the bubble. The benchmark folds. The cost of a single such call can be equal to a week of profit.

The reverse mistake also exists — over-tightening. A player folds where the benchmark shoves, gives up fold-equity, and slides into the short stack.

### 4. Heads-up and the final table

Short-handed play at the final table is a separate branch of the tree. Push/fold tables are known, but the divergence isn't in the tables — it's in the adjustments against a specific opponent. The benchmark reads how the opponent is playing and deviates. The player plays off the chart.

---

## How the analysis works on the platform

The scheme is simple and built into the FF Player Path:

1. **Hand upload.** Hand2Note, a hand history, or a manual reconstruction of a key spot.
2. **Tree construction.** The platform breaks the hand into nodes and computes the EV of each branch.
3. **Benchmark overlay.** The top winners' line is laid over your line.
4. **Divergence report.** A list of nodes sorted by the size of the EV loss.
5. **Session with a coach.** Work through the top 3 divergences, not all thirty.

That last point matters. A divergence report on a 500-hand sample will turn up dozens of nodes. Trying to fix all of them at once is a guaranteed way to break your game. We work on the three most expensive ones.

---

## What the numbers look like in practice

An example from Liga 2, the player's first month in the fund:

| Node | Player EV | Benchmark | Divergence |
|------|-----------|-----------|------------|
| BTN open, 20–30 BB | 0.42 BB | 0.61 BB | −0.19 BB |
| Flop c-bet, dry board | 0.18 BB | 0.23 BB | −0.05 BB |
| Bubble, call vs shove | −0.8 BB | 0.0 BB | −0.8 BB |
| SB 3-bet vs BTN | 0.11 BB | 0.29 BB | −0.18 BB |

The bubble node is the priciest. The fix is one afternoon of work with ICM tables plus two weeks of conscious repetition at the table. Result: a ROI increase of roughly 3–4% at the same ABI.

---

## Things the EV tree does not do

Honestly, without the marketing gloss:

- **The tree doesn't fix tilt.** If you know the correct decision but push on a downswing anyway — that's a mindset problem, not a knowledge problem. Mental preparation is a separate track.
- **The tree doesn't work on a short sample.** Fewer than 300 hands means noise, not analysis.
- **The tree doesn't replace volume.** Knowing the divergence isn't the same as closing it. Closing it happens at the table, across thousands of hands.
- **The benchmark isn't the truth.** It's the best pattern available for a given field and a given stake. The field changes, and the benchmark gets re-collected.

---

## Where to start

If you're in the fund — open the Player Path and upload your last session. The report will be ready in a few minutes.

If you're not yet in — start with Poker ABC. The EV tree on a foundation of zero theory gives you numbers you can't interpret. First the basics, then the analytics.

---

*This website is purely educational and is not a bookmaker, casino, or poker room. Poker is an intellectual game. Winning depends on both skill and luck. Play responsibly, don't bet what you can't afford to lose.*

Poker training has become individual and is available regularly — up to once a week. Before each session, the coach receives a detailed database analysis and already understands where to dig. To make all of this happen, we assembled a permanent teaching staff, built a separate learning platform, and created a large analytics system with an EV tree.

We started the reform from the bottom — with FunFarm's Liga 3, where the new system has already been running for more than a month. In September we launched it in FirstFund's Liga 2 as well.

At the heart of the reform we placed these questions: what exactly is holding this particular player back from growing and winning money right now? And how do we overcome it?

And we rebuilt the entire system around the answers to those questions.

Individual training sessions — at the center of learning for everyone

We have completely abandoned group poker training as the main format. Now, both at FunFarm and at FirstFund, the foundation of learning is individual work with a coach.

How often you can train

  • FunFarm Liga 3 — the session lasts an hour. Up to ABI 3 it's available after every 150 MTTs played; above ABI 3 — once a week.

  • FirstFund Liga 2 — the session lasts an hour and a half and is available after every 200 MTTs.

Booking an individual training session: choosing a coach on the learning platform
Booking a session: you can go back to a familiar coach or pick any available one.

The content of the session is determined neither by a topic relevant to the group nor by the textbook chapter that it's "time to cover." What gets analyzed is the specific database of a specific player and the leaks that are affecting their results the most right now.

There are no queues: knowledge is available promptly. If a player has put in the required volume or a week has passed, they can sign up for the next one-on-one today or tomorrow. And yes, you can go to different coaches if you want and take the best from each of them.

A permanent teaching staff — and work on the coaches' own knowledge

For this we assembled a permanent teaching staff.

This isn't a set of freelancers who occasionally find a couple of hours for a session. Our coaches have dedicated working time for FunFarm and FirstFund players, and on our side we treat the development of teachers roughly the same way as the development of players.

The coaches are in constant contact with each other, discussing difficult spots and cases, consulting, aligning their approaches. Fyodor Truntsev and the training team stay in close contact with them, we review player feedback and, when necessary, even go through individual session recordings. Yes, every session is analyzed and rated by every player and coach, and we read all of it. On top of that, we then track how the topics discussed influenced in-game decisions.

In parallel, we're developing the methodology and want to train the teachers themselves more systematically going forward. We like the idea that a full-fledged career ladder for coaches should gradually emerge inside the fund: strong players will be able to grow into teachers, gain experience at lower ABIs, and over time move on to working with stronger rosters. This happened before too, but now it's more academic.

Individual database analysis — before every session

This is probably the biggest technical part of the whole reform.

Previously, truly deep individual database analysis was a separate, major research project. A quality database review for a single player could take up to eight hours of a specialist's work: setting filters in Hand2Note by hand, checking one spot after another, reviewing samples, running the results through additional software, and compiling a large individual development plan.

Session card: ABI, volume, winrate, and the player's history for the coach
Session card: even before the session begins, the coach has the player's ABI, volume, results, and session history right in front of them.

And the problem wasn't just the eight hours.

A human always starts an analysis with a hypothesis about where to look, in order to save intellectual resources. An experienced coach knows the typical leaks and opens the usual filters first. That's rational — manually going through the entire game tree is impossible.

But that's exactly why you can miss the problem that regularly eats up the most money for a particular player. Didn't get around to opening that exact spot, underestimated its significance.

To remove the bottleneck of endless manual searching, we built an automatic EV tree.

EV tree: spots where the player's decisions diverge from the benchmark and their impact on EV
EV tree: spots where a player's decisions diverge from the benchmark of the league's top winners, and what it costs in bb/100.

It breaks the game down into a huge number of branches and spots and helps the coach see where a specific player's most expensive deviations are. And not just "the stats look strange here," but how often the situation arises and how strongly that mistake potentially affects overall EV.

This is where the principle for choosing a session topic changes.

First we work on whatever eats the most money.

Not donk bets on the river because they're interesting to talk about. Not some specific resteal because the player happens to feel like discussing it today. If the EV tree shows that the most money is currently leaking somewhere else, we'll fix that first.

A real example. The system is already finding fairly non-obvious things. For instance, with one player it flagged a problem with overlimping on the SB in limped pots. Overall the database looked fine, and an experienced Liga 2 coach later said he simply wouldn't have opened that filter himself: nothing indicated that was where to look.

Now such things can be found before every session, rather than a few times a year during a huge manual review.

up to 8 h
used to be spent on a manual database review for one player
every
session now starts with a ready-made EV tree analysis
The «What to fix» tab: the player's problem metrics sorted by severity
The "What to fix" tab: the player's problem metrics by block — we start with the red ones.

That said, the EV tree does not replace the coach. A human still has to look at the sample, assess the context, understand the cause of the leak, and decide what to do about it. We simply take away the most mechanical part of the work — finding the needle in the haystack of data — and leave the part where expertise is genuinely needed.

Open sessions: learning from other people's mistakes

When we launched one-on-ones, we fairly quickly realized that keeping this experience entirely within the "player — coach" pair isn't necessary either.

That's how open sessions came about.

Open sessions: sessions currently in progress and the schedule you can join as a listener
Open sessions: you can join sessions currently in progress as a listener.

If the player whose database is being reviewed doesn't mind, other members of the fund can join the session as listeners. They don't interfere in the session and don't speak, but they can watch the analysis itself, the hands, the leaks, and the coach's explanation.

This way your own session is always devoted specifically to your game, and on top of that you can learn from other people's mistakes and see far more interesting spots than you'd personally run into.

As a bonus, this is also a way to pick a coach for your next session.

The professional track — plan your poker career

Poker skill isn't only about how a person plays a hand. It's also understanding EV and variance, dealing with tilt, multi-rooming, a work schedule, volume, and generally the ability to build a career as a professional player.

Professional track: courses on tilt, burnout, stress, and your relationship with poker
Pro track: courses on tilt, burnout, stress, and your relationship with poker.

Previously we delivered part of this knowledge through separate mental intensives. They were in enormous demand: when registration opened, the spots could run out in literally a few minutes.

And then we looked at the results and realized that this shouldn't be scarce knowledge at all.

So we created a separate professional track, available to all players without exception. As a person accumulates career volume, they receive sessions on the questions they typically face at that stage: from understanding variance to multi-rooming, tilt, and organizing work sessions.

minutes
was all it took for spots in a mental intensive to be snapped up
all
fund players get the Pro track — no race for spots

What you previously had to fight for when the next intensive opened is now becoming a regular part of the training.

The learning platform: sign up, choose a coach, and get everything in one place

For the new training system we built a separate online platform from scratch.

Instead of messaging an administrator, the player opens the calendar, sees the available slots, can choose a familiar coach or look at who else is available, and books a suitable time themselves.

Calendar of available slots for booking an individual training session
Available slots: the player picks a time and books it themselves, with no messaging an administrator.

The same place gathers information about the player for the coach: ABI, volume, winrate, the history of previous sessions, recommendations, and current problems. In other words, before a session there's no need to gather context from various chats and try to remember what was going on a month ago.

And what about the "Player Path" learning materials?

We moved and opened up the "Player Path" too — it now works as a knowledge base with an AI bot attached, which you can open and ask questions. The videos got transcripts, the tests and trainers stayed inside, and you can ask all of it a free-form question.

The lesson library on the learning platform
Lessons on the platform: videos with transcripts, tests, and trainers all in one place.

As a result, the platform has become not another mandatory course you have to "finish," but a place the player comes to for the tool they need: to book a coach, watch material, drill a specific spot, or go back to previous recommendations.

Anyone who wants to learn has absolutely all the tools for it in a convenient format.

Trainers: build experience in a spot that rarely comes up at the tables

Separately, we spent quite a while working on the trainers themselves. We didn't want to build yet another test generator where after a lesson you just pick the right answer.

In the end we made an actual game simulator.

Simulator: analyzing a resteal against a fish with the EV of the shove calculated
Simulator: a resteal against a fish with the EV of each option calculated — fold, call, or shove.

For example, in it you can play out resteals against a fish many times in a row and see which hands he opens, which he calls with, and which he folds. At a normal table you shove all-in, the opponent mucks — and in most cases you have no idea what he did it with. Naturally accumulating a large sample of the same rare spot can take a very long time.

In the simulator you can repeat it again and again and build up the needed experience far faster.

Simulator: a matrix of the hands opponents call an all-in with
Simulator: which hands opponents call an all-in with — visible on the matrix.

You can compare it to a flight simulator: a pilot doesn't need to wait a hundred years for a hundred real thunderstorms in order to practice landing in a storm a hundred times. We want to work with poker situations in roughly the same way — concentrating experience where it accumulates too slowly at real tables.

And we keep improving all of it

We don't consider the current system finished. In the first five weeks after launch we managed to change it four times — based on data, player reviews, and coach feedback.

4 times
we changed the system in the first five weeks
2 leagues
are already running the new way: FunFarm's Liga 3 and FirstFund's Liga 2

First we road-tested everything in FunFarm's Liga 3, and since September the new approach has been running in FirstFund's Liga 2 as well. Going forward, we'll keep developing the EV tree, the trainers, the professional track, the platform, and the coaches themselves.

The goal, meanwhile, stays very simple: a player shouldn't have to guess what they need to learn right now.

The system should help find the most expensive leaks, give access to the right coach and the right tools, allow the problem to be worked on — and then look at the database again and figure out what's now holding them back the most from growing and winning money.

Come join us =)

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Lera

Fund ambassador

Lera conducts interviews with players and coaches, provides commentary on events, hosts news broadcasts, and helps build dialogue between the players and the team. Lera's arsenal includes dozens of reviews, practical sessions, and training videos. More than 50 training sessions have been released on the fund's channels — from final-table reviews to advanced decision-making concepts.

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